A recent study revealed that impaired lipid metabolism and dysglycemia were linked to OA. The results obtained from the study revealed the significance of OxS and metabolic disturbances in the pathogenesis of OA. Cartilage loss as a result of the joint disease leads to osteoarthritis (OA or degenerative arthritis). It causes pain and stiffness in the affected joint. According to previous studies, metabolic disturbances might be involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). This was explained on the basis of relationship drawn between the individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and OA. MetS have been associated with escalated oxidative stress (OxS). The study was executed to elucidate the role of MetS components in OA and to investigate the levels of OxS in OA patients and in age-matched controls. All in all, 55 patients with end-stage OA of 63 ± 7 years of age prior to hip or knee joint replacement surgery and 55 age-, gender- and BMI-matched controls (61 ± 8 years) were included in the study. Serum levels of cholesterol, glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and OxS markers were noted. The proxy measure of insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model. The Kellgren-Lawrence score was used to estimate the radiographic severity.

It was found that the OA patients had elevated total peroxide concentration and oxidative stress index and lowered total antioxidant capacity compared with the controls. Also, notable higher levels of C-peptide were observed in the OA group as compared to the controls. Moreover, OA radiography was independently concerned with LDL-cholesterol (p = .007) and oxidized LDL (p = .022). The end-stage OA patients had higher levels of OxS and lowered antioxidant capacity.