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The Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain introduced by Vlaeyen and Linton states people begin a series of chronic pain because of predisposing psychological factors, like anxiety sensitivity, negative appraisal or negative affectivity.
Literature suggested that individuals may enter into a chronic pain
due to psychological factors such as anxiety and mindfulness. Katherine B.
Curtina et al. described the relationship between ruminative anxiety,
mindfulness, and chronic pain in a chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP)
population, demonstrating the unique associations between specific mindfulness
factors and chronic pain elements.
The Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain introduced by
Vlaeyen and Linton states people begin a series of chronic pain because of
predisposing psychological factors, like anxiety sensitivity, negative appraisal
or negative affectivity. They do not,
although, direct the similarly associated theory of anxious rumination.
However, Vlaeyen and Linton propose cognitive-behavioural treatment methods for
chronic pain subjects who present pain-associated fear, they do not deem
mindfulness treatments. This analysis examined the association among chronic
ruminative anxiety musculoskeletal pain (CMP), and mindfulness to discover if
(1) ruminative anxiety is a risk factor for producing chronic pain and (2)
mindfulness is a possible approach for disrupting the series of chronic pain.
A total of 201 middle-aged patients who self-reported CMP
was selected and accomplished the standardised questionnaires evaluating
factors of anxiety, mindfulness, and chronic pain.
Ruminative anxiety was negatively associated with
mindfulness and positively associated with pain severity, pain catastrophizing,
pain interference, pain-related fear and avoidance. High ruminative anxiety
level estimated considerably larger factors of chronic pain and substantially
lower level of mindfulness. Mindfulness considerably estimated the variance
(R2) in anxiety and chronic pain results. Pain-related fear and avoidance, pain
severity, mindfulness, pain catastrophizing, and ruminative anxiety,
considerably determined 70.0% of the variance in pain interference, with
ruminative anxiety, mindfulness, and pain severity being unusual predictors.
This study presents a perception into the direction and
strength of the associations between mindfulness, chronic pain and ruminative
anxiety in a CMP population, illustrating the significant relationships within
specific mindfulness and chronic pain factors.
Scand J Pain. 2017 Oct;17:156-166
The relationship between chronic musculoskeletal pain, anxiety and mindfulness: Adjustments to the Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain
Curtin KB et al.
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