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Pathogenic bacteria in the nose can raise the risk of infections after surgery.
Application of povidone-iodine antiseptic solution to the anterior nares significantly decreases nasal bioburden.
Pathogenic bacteria in the nose can raise the risk of infections after surgery. Reducing these bacteria through nasal decolonization can assist to mitigate this risk. New research indicates that the types of bacteria in the nose might affect how likely someone is to get a surgical site infection (SSI). Therefore, this clinical trial was designed to explore the nasal microbiome profile and examine how a specific nasal decolonization solution affects it.
A randomized and prospective clinical trial was conducted on 50 healthy volunteers. The enrolled subjects were randomly assigned to either a novel antiseptic solution group (n = 25) or a control placebo solution group (n = 25). The antiseptic solution (povidone-iodine [PVP-I]) or placebo solution was applied with a cotton swab in a rotating motion for 15 seconds in the front part of both nostrils.
Nasal swabs were collected prior to application (baseline) and at three subsequent timepoints after application ie., 5 minutes, 2 hours, and 24 hours. Nasal swabs were analyzed using next-generation sequencing and cultured on agar plates for microbial assessment.
Significant correlations were observed among anaerobic species, Dolosigranulum species, Corynebacterium species, and Staphylococcus species at the baseline. Following the application of PVP-I, a substantial reduction in bioburden was recorded: log103.538 ± 0.918 at 5 min; log10 2.961 ± 1.466 at 2 hours; and log10 0.849 ± 1.092 at 24 hours; p< 0.01), as shown in Figure 1:
The primary species affected by the treatment included Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus species, and Corynebacterium species. No adverse effects or increases in mucociliary clearance time were reported among the subjects.
The use of PVP-I antiseptic in the nasal cavity markedly reduced nasal bacteria for up to 24 hours. The microbial population began to return to its initial state with slight modifications. Recovery of the nasal flora occurred with slight changes from baseline profiles. Overall, the antiseptic solution effectively and temporarily lowered nasal bacteria levels.
Scientific Reports
Nasal microbiome and the effect of nasal decolonization with a novel povidone-iodine antiseptic solution: a prospective and randomized clinical trial
Diana Fernández-Rodríguez et al.
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