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Provisional tic disorder is frequently observed in patients with allergic rhinitis, particularly in those experiencing motor tics.
In a pioneering case-control study, provisional tic disorder was most common in allergic rhinitis patients, especially those with motor tics. Asthma, early food allergy, and infantile eczema were associated with vocal tics. Allergic rhinitis patients with tic had more severe symptoms compared to those with rhinitis alone. This research sought to explore tic disorders in children and adolescents under eighteen years battling allergic rhinitis.
The case group comprised subjects diagnosed with both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders, while the control group comprised subjects suffering from allergic rhinitis alone, matched for gender and age. Tic classifications, demographic features, and factors contributing to allergic rhinitis and tic ailments were inspected among the cases. Utilizing DSM-5 criteria, tic disorders were examined.
The study encompassed 47 volunteers in each group. In the case group, 53.2% were males and 46.8% were females, with a mean age of 10.46 ± 3.97 years. In comparison with motor tics, sound tics were more prevalent. Those having both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders experienced allergic rhinitis symptoms more frequently per week as opposed to those without tic disorders (P-value ≤ 0.001; OR [every day vs. three days a week = 11.02 (2.98, 40.76) ]. Female gender was more linked with sound tics (p: 0.026), while provisional tic disorder was more prevalent among those with motor tics (p: 0.001).
Patients without sound tics were more likely to have a history of infantile eczema (p: 0.025), whereas otitis media was less common among those dealing with sound tics (p: 0.026). Among participants having both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders, provisional tic disorder was the most frequent classification. These patients experienced considerably more days with allergic rhinitis symptoms per week compared to those with allergic rhinitis alone.
This preliminary investigation suggested that provisional tic disorder, particularly in those with motor tics, is the predominant classification of tic disorder among patients battling allergic rhinitis. Asthma in people having motor tics, a past history of food allergy in infancy, and infantile eczema were common among those having vocal tics. Additionally, those having both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders exhibited more severe symptoms per week, highlighting the connection between tic disorders and immunological pathways.
BMC Pediatrics
Tic disorder in allergic rhinitis children and adolescents: a case-control study
Hossein Esmaeilzadeh et al.
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