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There is an alarming deficit of choline intake among German expecting mothers, with only 7% meeting the recommended intake.
In a survey of 516 pregnant women in Germany, researchers have shed light on the alarming deficiency of choline intake among pregnant women. The study revealed a concerning choline deficiency, with only 7% meeting the recommended intake. Choline, an essential nutrient fundamental for various developmental processes during pregnancy, has recently become a focal point of concern.
For adults, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has established a general adequate choline consumption of 400 mg/day. However, for pregnant women, a specific adequate choline intake of 480 mg/day has been advocated. Hence, a survey comprising 516 pregnant women in Germany was carried out to investigate the choline crisis of pregnant women. Utilizing an online questionnaire, researchers estimated the total choline intake from both dietary sources and supplements.
Of the 516 participants, 283 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, ranging from 13 to 41 weeks of gestational age and 19 to 45 years old. Volunteers were segregated into two groups: 224 (79%) followed an omnivorous diet, while 59 (21%) were identified as vegetarian or vegan. The results were concerning, with the median choline intake recorded at 260.4 (±141.4) mg/day, well below the recommended levels. Alarmingly, only 7% of the participants attained adequate choline intake for pregnant women.
Further analysis revealed a vital discrepancy between the choline intake of omnivores and vegetarians/vegans, with the former recording a higher median intake (269.5 mg/day vs. 205.2 mg/day; p < 0.0001). Of the surveyed pregnant women, only 5% (13/283) reported taking choline-containing dietary supplements. However, even in this subgroup, supplements contributed to just 19% of the total choline intake. The study's findings underscore a critical need for improved choline supply for pregnant women, given its pivotal role in developmental processes during pregnancy.
As the global health community continues to emphasize the importance of proper nutrition during pregnancy, addressing this choline deficiency becomes paramount to ensuring the well-being of both mothers and their unborn children. This study emphasized the vital need for improved choline supply during pregnancy to foster essential developmental processes. Researchers and health authorities are now calling for increased awareness, education, and potential interventions to bridge the gap and enhance choline intake in pregnant women.
Nutrients
Inadequate Choline Intake in Pregnant Women in Germany
Merle Roeren et al.
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