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Link between maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring dental health problems

Maternal vitamin D levels Maternal vitamin D levels
Maternal vitamin D levels Maternal vitamin D levels

A longitudinal study was carried out to explore correlations between hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among children and the level of maternal vitamin D during pregnancy.

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Key take away

Insufficient maternal serum vitamin D levels at mid-pregnancy were linked with a higher number of impacted teeth among children with molar incisor hypomineralisation at 7-9 years of age.

Background

A longitudinal study was carried out to explore correlations between hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among children and the level of maternal vitamin D during pregnancy.

Method

Data from 176 children (7-9 years of age) and mother pairs were collected. To evaluate pregnancy exercise programme, mothers were primarily enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. Besides the seven-year follow-up, children were invited to a dental assessment.

In gestational weeks 18-22 and 32-36, the maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D categorized as sufficient (≥ 50 nmol/l) and insufficient (< 50 nmol/l) was the exposure variable. Using negative binomial hurdle models, the potential correlations between the MIH or HSPM and exposure variables were assessed.

Result

Children of mothers with the lowest serum vitamin D levels during pregnancy were found to be mostly affected by MIH and HSPM.  Notably, 22% and 32% of children had a minimum of 1 tooth with HSPM or MIH, respectively. A profound link was observed between insufficient maternal vitamin D estimated in gestational weeks 18-22 and the number of impacted teeth among those with MIH at 7-9 years (adjusted risk ratio = 1.82).

Conclusion

Among children with molar incisor hypomineralisation at 7-9 yrs of age, an association was found between unfavourable maternal serum vitamin D at mid-pregnancy and a greater number of impacted teeth. Hence, insufficient levels of maternal vitamin D in pregnancy may produce a disadvantageous basis for permanent tooth development.

Source:

European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry

Article:

Maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy and molar incisor hypomineralisation and hypomineralised second primary molars in the offspring at 7–9 years of age: a longitudinal study

Authors:

T. Børsting et al.

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