In comparison with the general population, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is lower among adult women who have severe obesity.

In this study, adult women with class II/III obesity were evaluated for the incidence of vitamin D insufficiency and variables related to serum vitamin D levels.

Analyses of baseline data from 128 adult women with class II/III obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2, were conducted in a DieTBra trial. Multiple linear regression was used to examine data on body composition, medications, illnesses, menopause, calcium and vitamin D consumption from food, lifestyle, sun exposure, sunscreen, and sociodemographics.

Overall, 128 women were studied with a mean BMI of 45.53 ± 6.36, a mean age of 39.7 ± 8.75 kg/m2, and a serum vitamin D level of 30.02 ng/ml ± 9.80. Vitamin D insufficiency was 14.01%. Serum vitamin D levels did not correlate with waist circumference, total body fat, body fat percentage, or BMI.

The multiple linear regression included lipid-lowering medications, menopause, BMI, insufficient calcium intake, usage of sunscreen, daily sun exposure, and age group. Women having severe obesity aged 40 years or above with inadequate calcium intake from dietary sources are more likely to suffer from vitamin D deficiency. The following factors continued to be linked to low serum vitamin D levels: insufficient calcium consumption; ≥50 years of age; and being 40–49 years old.

In females with class II/III obesity, Vitamin D deficiency prevalence was lower than anticipated. Body composition, lifestyle, and sun exposure were not linked. Low serum vitamin D levels were substantially correlated with age above 40 years and insufficient calcium consumption.