In patients with constipation, exercise may be an efficient and feasible therapeutic option.

A systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine how exercise affects constipation.

In order to find out published papers that were relevant, Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], Chinese Biomedical Literature [CBM], and Wanfang Database), PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science were explored. The PRISMA statement was used to determine whether studies were eligible. Alterations in gastrointestinal symptoms were the key findings.

There were a total of nine randomized controlled studies with 680 volunteers. Only one study focused on anaerobic exercise, whereas 8 studies focused on aerobic exercise. Physical activity, walking, and Qigong were all considered as aerobic exercises. Exercise significantly improved the symptoms of individuals with constipation [relative risk (RR) = 1.97; I2=91.3%]. Aerobic exercise (RR = 2.42; I2 = 88%), according to subgroup analyses, had a positive impact on constipation. However, there was a substantial bias risk attached to these findings.

Exercise therapy exhibits promising benefits as a means of improving symptoms of constipation sufferers. However, the true impact of this intervention cannot be known with certainty due to methodological shortcomings. To assess the impact of exercise on constipation, researchers need to develop more rigorous trials.