Reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) is the primary cause of osteoporosis. It was reported that improvement in the physical activity level is one of the practical strategies for prevention of osteoporosis. But there are fewer shreds of evidence are available to support this result. Therefore, the result of the current study revealed that modified Sinaki exercises and Nordic walking significantly improved the mobility of the rib cage, locomotor activity and motor abilities in the women.

Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases that develop with age and cause high morbidity and mortality among elderly people. To assess the impact of a program of Nordic walking (NW), modified Sinaki exercises, and a combination of these physical activities on osteoporosis.

A total of  91 females living in residential care facilities were selected and randomly divided into four groups. Group one is considered as a control group obtained only pharmacological treatment. Other groups received the same drug therapy, supplemented by modified Sinaki exercises (group 2), Nordic walking (group 3), and the mixture of both (group 4). The subjects were evaluated for rib cage mobility, the risk of falling, bone density, motor abilities, and locomotor activity at baseline and following 12 months of treatment. A total of 83 participants completed the intervention. 

Control and all the intervention groups exhibited higher bone density. The group two and four presented statistically improved rib cage mobility.  Group three and four showed significantly enhanced locomotor activity. According to the post-intervention outcomes of the FRT and TUG tests, group four patients exhibited a lower risk of falling. The risk was higher in group one and two but not statistically significant and did not change in group 3.