Circulating blood miR-21 and miR-155 promote the occurrence of acute pancreatitis and appears to be valuable for determining risk stratification of pancreatitis.

A study was carried out to investigate the role of circulating blood miR-21 and miR-155 in the promotion of acute pancreatitis. Also, the risk stratification of pancreatitis was determined.

Participants were segregated into two groups: (i) Research group (n=70 with a mean age of 46.6 ± 4.3 years): Included people suffering from acute pancreatitis, and (ii) Control group (n=52 a mean age of 46.2 ± 4.7 years): Included healthy people. The blood of participants was collected. In both research and control groups, the following parameters were examined: (a) miR-21 and miR-155 expression in circulating blood, (b) Diagnostic efficacy of miR-155 and miR-21 in acute pancreatitis, (c) Risk factors of people having acute pancreatitis, and (d) Expression of serum gastrointestinal hormones.

Compared to the control group, the research group exhibited increased levels of gastrin and vasoactive intestinal peptide and reduced levels of serum motilin and cholecystokinin. Furthermore, the detection level of critical, severe, moderate, and mild patients was also substantially different. Compared to the control group, the expression of miR-21 and miR-155 in circulating blood was substantially reduced in the research group. The area under miR-21 curve was 0.832 while the area under miR-155 curve was 0.775.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide, alcoholism, serum motilin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, miR-21, and miR-155 were the risk factors of participants. miR-21 and miR-155 demonstrated low expression in the serum of participants. Lower expression was linked with more severe disease. Both miR-21 and miR-155 are closely associated with acute pancreatitis development. Both were reported to have a good diagnostic efficacy as per the receiver operating characteristic assessment.

miR-21 and miR-155 illustrated low expression in acute pancreatitis, indicating their involvement in the development and progression of acute pancreatitis. They appear to be effective indicators for diagnosing and managing acute pancreatitis and also for evaluating the future prognosis of patients.