For fibromyalgia syndrome, attention-based virtual reality offers safe, acceptable, and highly effective therapeutic option.

This study (VIPA) aimed to investigate the influence of different virtual reality characteristics on acceptability and pain utilizing multiple feasibility studies in fibromyalgia syndrome.

Patients (n=26) diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (mean [standard deviation] age 48 ±14yrs, 88% females) were recruited. The study examined four different virtual reality systems that represent the range of commercially available technologies. Each participant had the opportunity to try out each system for five minutes, with the order of the systems randomized. The interactive virtual reality program used with each headset was developed in collaboration with industry partners, specifically designed to address the needs of subjects suffering from chronic pain.

Prior to the trial, participants completed baseline questionnaires which incorporated Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR; total score: 0-100), pain visual analogue scale (VAS; 0-10), and McGill Pain Questionnaire short-form (MPQ-SF; total score: 0-45). Data from the VAS and MPQ-SF were also gathered around 15 minutes following the utilization of the fourth headset (post-intervention).

Additionally, acceptability data was gathered through questionnaires using a 7-point Likert scale rating system (ranging from 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree). To assess any potential side effects, the virtual reality sickness questionnaire (VRSQ) was used, measuring the severity of adverse effects on a scale of 0-100.

The severity of the disease varied from moderate to extreme, with a mean FIQR score of 65 ±16. After using all the different headsets, participants reported a mean 40% decline in their MPQ-SF total scores compared to baseline (baseline score: 24±9, post-intervention score: 15±9). The mean pain visual analogue scale (VAS) also showed a 24% decline (baseline score: 5.5±1.9, post-intervention score: 4.0±1.9), and one subject even experienced an 80% decrease in their VAS score (change in VAS: 5.9).

Volunteers expressed greater levels of acceptability with the virtual reality systems, particularly in terms of immersion, usability, quality, and comfort. The mean total headset score was found to range from 77 to 97 out of 105. Side effects were mild and rare, with a mean total VRSQ score of 17±12 across devices. Furthermore, 100% of the participants agreed that they would be willing to use virtual reality regularly at home for pain management, with a mean rating of 6.5±0.6.

Virtual reality showed promising results in reducing pain for patients with fibromyalgia syndrome, along with high acceptability and minimal side effects. People also expressed openness to using it at home for pain management. These findings highlight the significant potential of virtual reality as an accessible and home-based intervention option for chronic pain.