In the middle-aged healthy population, central obesity is related to peptic ulcer disease. People having high triglycerides are susceptible to gastric ulcers, and those having osteoporosis and low HDL are at high risk of duodenal ulcers. 

A study was carried out to assess the connection between peptic ulcer disease, bone mineral density, and metabolic syndrome and its components in healthy populations.

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, information was gathered from the health examination database of a tertiary medical facility. The study included participants who had dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and metabolic variables assessment. There were 5102 subjects in all, with a mean age of 52.4 ± 12.0 years. Notably, 1332 (26.1%) of them had peptic ulcer disease.

Age (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.03), male (OR 1.89), diabetes (OR 1.23) and body mass index (OR 1.03) as well as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [GOT] (OR 1) were all identified as risk variables for peptic ulcer disease as per the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Regarding the metabolic syndrome criteria, a greater waist circumference (OR 1.26) was linked with peptic ulcer illness. High triglycerides (OR 1.20) were related to gastric ulcers. Osteoporosis (OR 1.44) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR 1.31) were linked with duodenal ulcers.

An association exists between central obesity and peptic ulcer disease. High triglycerides are related to gastric ulcers, while osteoporosis and low HDL-C are related to duodenal ulcers.