A systematic review published in "Healthcare" revealed the promising benefits of ChatGPT in health care education, research, and practise. The current study sought to examine the applicability of an artificial intelligence-based conversational large language model ChatGPT and to draw attention to any potential drawbacks. The English records in MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar (preprints or published studies) that studied ChatGPT in the context of health care were found through a methodical search with the aid of the PRIMSA guidelines.

There were 60 records that qualified for inclusion. As found, 51/60 (85.0%) records cited ChatGPT's advantages, which included:

(1) better scientific writing, research equity, and versatility

(2) use in health care research (effective dataset assessment, code generation, literature reviews, drug discovery and development, saving time to concentrate on experimental design)

(3) advantages in health care practise (streamlining the workflow, cost savings, documentation, personalized medicine, and enhanced health outcomes)

(4) benefits in health care education encompassing improvements in problem-based learning, emphasis on critical thinking, and personalized learning

Concerns about ChatGPT usage were expressed in 58/60 (96.7%) records, including transparency, copyright, ethical, and legal issues, as well as the risk of bias, plagiarism, limited knowledge, lack of originality, infodemics risk, erroneous content with hallucination risk, incorrect citations, and cybersecurity issues. ChatGPT's valuable applications have the potential to stimulate paradigm shifts in medical care education, research, and practise. However, given its inherent limitations, the adoption of an artificial intelligence chatbot should be done with utmost caution.

Until the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors/Committee on Publication Ethics (ICMJE/COPE) standards are changed or altered, ChatGPT is not eligible to be named as an author in scientific articles. There is an urgent requisition for a project including all parties involved in health care practise, research, and education. This will assist in establishing a code of ethics to govern ChatGPT's ethical use among other large language models in academia and the healthcare industry.