A recent study reported a positive significant relationship between nodular antral gastritis (form of chronic gastritis) and prevalence of  Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Alaaddin Yorulmaz et al. aimed to assess the clinical and histological outcomes, as well as the demographic information of pediatric patients who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Overall, 636 patients (401 female, 235 male) who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and complained of epigastric stomach discomfort and/or dyspeptic symptoms were reviewed retrospectively. Age, gender, peptic ulcer illness in the family, and H. pylori infection in the family were all noted. From medical records, histopathological and endoscopic results were gathered.

During histological analysis of H. pylori, H. pylori antigen testing in patients' faeces, and urea breath tests, H. pylori infection was found in 43.6% of subjects (n = 277). Endoscopic examination of 44.3% patients (n = 282) revealed nodular antral gastritis. Nodular antral gastritis is triggered by chronic H. pylori infection.

Notably, 83.7% (n = 236) of the 282 individuals with nodular antral gastritis had H. pylori. Nodular antral gastritis was considerably more common in H. pylori-positive individuals than in H. pylori-negative people (odds ratio [OR], 39.16). All the markers assessed were excellent predictors of H. pylori disease. Hence, nodular antral gastritis is positively correlated with chronic H. pylori infection. It is anticipated that early detection of H. pylori in children is pivotal and might lower complications later in life.