According to a systematic review published in the "Journal of Clinical Medicine", in patients with atrial fibrillation, the success rate of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by pulsed field ablation (PFA) is high. Moreover, PFA effectively decreases the recurrence of atrial arrhythmia when compared to thermal ablation. Researchers sought to assess PFA's efficacy and safety in atrial fibrillation. Electronic search for relevant English-language papers was done in PubMed, Embase, PubMed Central, Cochrane library, and Scopus databases.

Covidence software was used to complete the screening. Data was extracted from the incorporated studies. Examination of the risk of bias was carried out. Narrative synthesis was carried out. Six studies and 1897 patients receiving PFA were included. Arrhythmia recurrence, success in pulmonary vein isolation, and severe adverse events were investigated. Except in two studies, 100% of PVI procedures were successfully accomplished. In one of them, the epicardial cohort's six out of seven patients (86%) underwent successful PVI. The acute PVI success rate in the MANIFEST-PF survey was witnessed to be 99.9%.

Stroke, pericardial tamponade, and vascular problems requiring surgery were among the serious consequences that were uncommon. In the thermal group, the atrial arrhythmia recurrence was higher than in the PFA group (39% vs. 11%). PVI by PFA has a high success rate and few severe adverse effects. Compared to thermal ablation, PFA is reported to reduce the recurrence of atrial arrhythmia, the most common cardiac arrhythmia linked with high morbidity and mortality. Substantial trials are required for validating the safety and effectiveness of PFA over conventional methods.