A novel study showed that one-year supplementation of 300 mg of Delta-tocotrienol (δT3) and 268 mg of Alpha-tocopherol (αTF) in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was associated with similar improvements in hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. In order to examine the effectiveness of δT3 and αTF for NAFLD management, a randomized double-blind active-controlled study was conducted.

In the intention to treat analysis, a total of 100 NAFLD patients (δT3 = 50, αTF = 50) were randomized and administered either 300 mg δT3 or 268 mg αTF twice daily for 48 weeks. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio (L/S ratio), and fatty liver index (FLI) after 48 weeks were the major outcomes. Hepatocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, and alteration in inflammatory markers in the liver were the secondary outcomes ascertained. At baseline, 24 and 48 weeks, a computed tomography scan of the liver, biochemical analysis, and clinical evaluation was performed.

Both groups at 48 weeks showed a substantial enhancement in serum malondialdehyde, HOMA-IR, FLI, and L/S ratio as compared to baseline. However, there was no discernible inter-group difference. At 48 weeks, the δT3 group had significantly lower cytokeratin-18, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, serum interleukin-6, body weight, and higher levels of adiponectin than the αTF group. Side effects were not noted.

In terms of decreasing apoptosis, inflammation, and body weight linked to NAFLD, δT3 was more effective than αTF. Thus, in the management of individuals with NAFLD, δT3 supplementation may be thought of as a preferable therapeutic option combined with lifestyle modifications.