A study published in "Food & Function" depicted that the use of probiotics during pregnancy is associated with improvement in glycemic control and a reduction in the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the impact of probiotic supplements on the profiles of glucose metabolism in pregnant females without diabetes.

Databases including the Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were explored to discover pertinent literature. Probiotic supplement's random controlled trials (RCTs) on pregnant females without GDM were incorporated. Overall, 2213 people from 12 RCTs qualified for meta-analyses.

In pregnant females, probiotics substantially decreased the risk of developing GDM (Risk Ratio [RR] = 0.62), serum fasting blood glucose (Mean Difference [MD] = -0.14 mmol L-1), Quantitative Insulin sensitivity Check Index (MD = 0.02), concentration of insulin (MD = -1.91 pmol L-1), and Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD = -0.32 mmol L-1) in pregnant women.

The findings of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (1-hour OGTT, MD = -0.10; 2-hour OGTT, MD = -0.06) were not significantly impacted by probiotic use. Thus, probiotic supplementation seems to be beneficial to minimize the risk of GDM development in pregnant women.