CPP can be defined as the pain that exists for at least six months. Data investigating the role of nonpharmacological therapies in CPP management is lacking. The study was therefore conducted with a purpose to explore the nonsurgical and nonpharmacologic strategies for CPP management.

A multifaceted approach is needed for CPP patients to get an effective treatment, with thoughtful consideration of surgical pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies. There is increasing evidence for physical therapy and trigger point injections for treatment of myofascial components of CPP. There is insufficient but favourable data on neuromodulation techniques like percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation in patients with CPP. Behavioural strategies, such as exercise, cognitive behavioural therapy, and mindfulness, have revealed remarkable improvements in pain, function and quality of life in patients with a variety of chronic pain conditions. These strategies are promising avenues for future research in CPP.