Nasal gonadotropin administration at very low doses was found safe and effective for ovarian stimulation, as per the results of a study published in the journal- 'JBRA Assistant Reproduction.' Injectable gonadotropins used during the fertility treatments cause side-effects like pain at the injection site, skin erythema, muscle pain, and rarely vasovagal reflex. These side effects give way to inconvenience and lower the patient's tolerance for fertility treatments.

John Zhang and Zaher Merhi examined the safety and efficacy of an FDA-approved dose of nasal human menopausal gonadotropins in women undergoing fertility treatment. Four healthy reproductive-aged women with infertility were enrolled for this study. A total of 75 IU of each bottle of gonadotrophins was dissolved and placed in a nasal pump spray device (concentration of 3.75 IU/spray). Each participant inhaled a total of 2 sprays per day after which ovarian response during the follicular phase was observed by transvaginal ultrasound and serum hormone measurement. There were no side effects at the nasal site of drug administration. There were no known common side effects of the gonadotrophin drug described by any of the participants. Despite adequate absorption of the nasal gonadotrophins, as checked by elevated serum FSH levels three out of four participants did not show any follicular growth until cycle day 13. Only one participant agreed to continue the medication until cycle day 20 and developed one dominant follicle and elevated serum estradiol levels.