According to a recent Post Hoc analysis from 21 clinical trials, the rates of frequency for ILD events was 0.18 after the treatment using tofacitinib. Also, ILD events were linked with known risk factors for ILD in rheumatoid arthritis.

ILD is an extra-articular indicator of RA. Gustavo Citera et al. examined the rates of frequency of ILD in patients with RA, getting tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg two times a day, and recognized the prospective risk factors for this lung disease.

A pooled analysis of patients receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg two times a day or placebo from 2 phase and 2 long-term extension studies was studied. ILD events were referred as "probable" (with clinical evidence) or "possible" (no encouraging clinical evidence) consistent adverse events. Frequency rates (patients with events per 100 patient-years) were deliberated for events linked with ILD.

As found, out of 7061 patients; 42 (0.6%) had an ILD event and 1144 days was the median time to ILD event. Frequency rates for ILD with both tofacitinib doses were 0.18 for each 100 patient-years and these rates usually remained steady with time.

There were 17 of 42 serious adverse events (40.5%) of ILD and 35 of 42 were mild to moderate events (83.3%) in terms of severity. Age 65 years or above, current smoking status, and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate score were regarded as significant risk factors for ILD events as per the multivariable Cox regression analysis.