Melatonin is useful in the prevention of migraine in adults, as per the findings of a meta-analysis. The purpose of Puliappadamb HM et al. was to assess the safety and efficacy of melatonin for prophylaxis  of migraine. Reviewers collected information from 3 pertinent articles after conducting a literature search in International Clinical Trial Registry Platform databases, Cochrane Database, and MEDLINE.

The findings were chosen, examined, and reported as per the PRISMA guidelines. Using Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, quality was evaluated. The effect size was calculated using a random-effects model, and factors that were expected to have an impact on it were subjected to meta-regression. On the basis of the comparison employed in the incorporated studies, subgroup analysis was carried out.

When contrasted with placebo and conventional therapy, melatonin therapy for migraine was shown to have a considerably greater responder rate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.84). Melatonin significantly reduced the severity of migraine attacks (mean difference [MD] = 1.93), the use of analgesics (MD = 1.43), the length of migraine attacks (MD = 5.02), and the frequency of migraine attacks (MD = 1.00), compared to placebo. However, it had no discernible effects when compared to Valproate or Amitriptyline. The occurrence of typical adverse drug reactions, like sleepiness and tiredness, was similar in both the melatonin group and the comparison groups.

Melatonin demonstrated a favorable prophylactic effect in migraine, with a better responder rate compared to placebo in lowering analgesic use, mean attack frequency, mean attack duration, and migraine severity. However, it did not demonstrate any appreciable impact when compared to Valproate or Amitriptyline.