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A panel of three autoantibodies improves diagnostic accuracy, identifies high-risk patients, and predicts the progression of the disease in those with premature ovarian insufficiency.
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects the fertility and reproductive health of women. A study in the 'International Journal of Molecular Sciences' investigated how serum autoantibodies can enhance the diagnostic preciseness for POI.
The pilot study included 26 patients with POI and diminished ovarian reserve, who received advanced surgical treatments (group 1), and 18 patients without POI (group 2). The researchers assessed serum autoantibodies, including anti-ovarian antibodies and antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO), steroidogenic enzymes and steroid and gonadotropic hormones using altered ELISAs and recombinant enzymes (Cytochrome P - CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CYP21A2).
Patients with POI had elevated levels of IgG autoantibodies against steroidogenic enzymes, estradiol, progesterone, and TPO compared to the control group. Testing for IgG antibodies against CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and CYP21A2 showed high sensitivity, specificity and AUC values, with the three-antibody panel offering the highest diagnostic accuracy. These antibody levels correlated with menstrual irregularities and reduced antral follicle counts.
Autoantibodies against CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and CYP21A2 are highly effective in diagnosing POI.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Diagnostic Value of Autoantibodies against Steroidogenic Enzymes and Hormones in Infertile Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Leila V Adamyan et. Al.
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